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Method

How far our frozen field solver is from the exact answer, measured

0.030%median, over the layouts tried, of each layout’s worst discretisation error of our frozen solver against a panel-free continuum truth of the same model

The result

The discretisation error of our frozen field solver, measured against an exact closed form, a high-precision anchor and a continuum truth of the same model.

Limit Measures the model’s discretisation, not a built package; the standard setting sits at a favourable point, not a settled one.

Every comparison on this site rests on our own field solver, so its own error matters. The lab measures it on a ladder: against a closed form that is exact for two round conductors, against a high-precision anchor, and against a continuum solution of the same model without the solver’s panels. The figure above is the median, over the layouts tried, of each layout’s worst error.

A dotted magenta underline marks a number read straight from a published file when this page was built.

On this page
  1. What it shows
  2. Why it matters
  3. Who should care
  4. The limits, in the record’s words

What it shows

The lab’s own entry states the result this way:

The published record says, word for word (an excerpt)

The frozen 31-panel solver's discretization error against a panel-free spectral continuum truth is median-of-max 3.0e-4 / worst 6.9e-4 over 15 layouts

The published record says, word for word (an excerpt)

the exact bipolar closed form to 6.2e-15 and a 100-digit mpmath anchor to 50 digits

In plain words: against a continuum solution of the same model, our frozen solver’s worst error per layout has a median of 0.00030071701513187805 across 15 layouts, and the worst case is 0.0006883956817843971, as fractions of the answer.

Why it matters

A comparison against a solver is only as good as the solver. Stating the solver’s own error, measured against exact references, tells a reader how much of any later difference could be the solver’s.

What is ours, and what is not

Measuring a method against exact references and its own refinements is standard practice (see the prior art below). What is ours is this ladder for our solver and its published numbers.

Who should care

  • Reviewers of our solver comparisons, who need the solver’s own error first.
  • Field-solver developers comparing discretisation error on the same model.

The limits, in the record’s words

The published record says, word for word (an excerpt)

Continuum truth of the 2-D quasi-static MODEL, not measured silicon. The N=10,000 residual is subsampled (5% rows plus all excited-via panel rows) and is never called exact-everywhere.

The published record says, word for word (an excerpt)

An honest finding inside: order-1 panel convergence with a 31↔63-panel sign flip — the canonical 31-panel point is a pre-asymptotic sweet spot.

In plain words: this measures the model’s discretisation, not how a built package behaves. The largest case’s residual is checked on a sample of rows, and the solver’s standard setting sits at a point where its error happens to be small, not where it has settled.

Outside comparison

Compared with: mpmath, an open-source Python library for arbitrary-precision arithmetic. Retrieved 2026-10-05. mpmath, its public page · the retrieval record

Open source for this step

Tools and datasets we publish for the package step of building a multi-chip package. They are the checkers around this work, not a copy of the result itself.

  • physics-lint: One command that checks a folder of physics models against a fixed set of named physical rules, with findings straight into CI.
  • maxwell-lint: Flags a coupling extractor whose answers no passive set of conductors could produce.
  • sparam-lint: Is your signal-response model physically possible? Five physical laws checked from the command line.
  • interval-core: The interval arithmetic core behind our proofs over whole families of layouts.
  • touchstone-tools: Read, write and convert Touchstone files, the standard text files that record how signals pass through a package's connections, and refuse to write one that cannot be read back.
  • physics-lint-mcp: The physics checks, callable by an AI agent.
  • physics-lint-action: A GitHub Action that fails the build when a model breaks one of a fixed set of named physical rules.
  • Signal-response validity corpus: A labelled corpus of physically invalid signal-response networks, and a scorer that grades any checker against it.
  • screening-ceiling: The screening-ceiling family as an open dataset.

Ask about a result, or check one yourself

Founder: Nick Harris. AI agents do our research and engineering. Each result page says how it was checked: against an outside solver, by an interval-arithmetic proof, by a Lean-checked step, or against our own simulator; these checks ran on our own machines. Who we are · How the work is checked

Every result on this site links to the file it comes from. Acquisition, licensing and partnership enquiries go to one address, nick@chipletos.com, and a person reads it.

Write to us Read the results

Each number links to the file it comes from; every file is listed, with its checksum, on Published files.

When a number is left off

We leave a number off a page, or mark it, when

  • its file has not loaded yet
  • nobody has looked into it yet
  • a search for it found nothing
  • its file holds no value for it
  • its file is missing or altered
  • files disagree on what it describes
  • its sample is too small for the claim
  • two files give different values
  • its file cannot be published
  • it was measured over ninety days ago
  • the question does not apply here
  • the program behind it stopped with an error