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Method

The statements behind our bounds, checked by an SMT solver that must refute planted false claims

The result

Some of the statements behind our bounds ship as executable proofs, checked by an SMT solver that must refute planted false claims; the family-wide bounds rest on interval proofs instead.

Limit A proof checks the statement as written, not the physics it abstracts; regime hypotheses are assumptions.

Many of our results rest on a handful of mathematical statements: ceilings, floors and properties of our certificates. Those statements are written as executable proofs and checked by an SMT solver from Microsoft Research; this record sets its earlier Lean counts aside, and most of the Lean files behind the theorem cards on the home page have their own build records, listed on this page. The harness also plants false claims and requires the solver to refute them, so a proof that cannot fail does not count.

A dotted magenta underline marks a number read straight from a published file when this page was built.

On this page
  1. What it shows
  2. Why it matters
  3. Who should care
  4. The limits, in the record’s words

What it shows

The record states one part of the result this way:

The published record says, word for word (an excerpt)

the counts went DOWN when padding was removed.

In plain words: in the record’s latest run, the SMT solver proved 27 of 27 required statements, and refuted all 8 planted false claims. An older excerpt in the same record shows a smaller required count; the live run is the one quoted here.

The Lean files behind the theorem cards on the home page are checked separately. A run of the lab’s Lean proof gate, which builds the packaging files among them and audits their axioms, at 2026-09-12T00:43:36Z, exited 0. For the timing-channel file, the lab’s axiom report records it as compiled with return code 0, for the exact source this site serves. The cone-sufficiency file has no build record on this page.

Why it matters

A bound is only as good as the statement it rests on. When those statements are checked by an outside tool, and the check is shown able to fail, a reviewer can trust each encoded statement as written; the step from statement to bound is argued on each result page, not machine-checked.

What is ours, and what is not

The SMT solver is an outside tool (see the prior art below). What is ours is the set of statements, their encoding, and the harness that requires planted false claims to be refuted.

Who should care

  • Technical reviewers who need to know which of our results rest on checked statements, and which do not.
  • Teams that want to re-run the checks: the record names the command.

The limits, in the record’s words

The published record says, word for word (an excerpt)

Formal proof establishes the encoded proposition, not the fidelity of the physics abstraction. ValidStep-style regime hypotheses are assumptions, not discharged facts.

The published record says, word for word (an excerpt)

Z3 was 26/26 until a tautological unsat[False] check was removed as padding.

The published record says, word for word (an excerpt)

Every documented alternative count is discarded in favour of the live run: cvc5 36/36 and 46/46 are set aside, as are Lean 6/16/17/26/56. The estate-external claim of '8,567 Lean 4 machine-checked proof jobs' is a FABRICATION and appears nowhere in this repository.

In plain words: a proof checks the statement as written, not whether the statement describes the physics. The record also says that an earlier list of checked Lean theorems pointed at a proof file that was never compiled, so those theorems were taken out of the count. The counts went down when padding was removed, and every other count that once circulated is set aside in favour of the live run.

Open source for this step

Tools and datasets we publish for the package step of building a multi-chip package. They are the checkers around this work, not a copy of the result itself.

  • physics-lint: One command that checks a folder of physics models against a fixed set of named physical rules, with findings straight into CI.
  • maxwell-lint: Flags a coupling extractor whose answers no passive set of conductors could produce.
  • sparam-lint: Is your signal-response model physically possible? Five physical laws checked from the command line.
  • interval-core: The interval arithmetic core behind our proofs over whole families of layouts.
  • touchstone-tools: Read, write and convert Touchstone files, the standard text files that record how signals pass through a package's connections, and refuse to write one that cannot be read back.
  • physics-lint-mcp: The physics checks, callable by an AI agent.
  • physics-lint-action: A GitHub Action that fails the build when a model breaks one of a fixed set of named physical rules.
  • Signal-response validity corpus: A labelled corpus of physically invalid signal-response networks, and a scorer that grades any checker against it.
  • screening-ceiling: The screening-ceiling family as an open dataset.

Ask about a result, or check one yourself

Founder: Nick Harris. AI agents do our research and engineering. Each result page says how it was checked: against an outside solver, by an interval-arithmetic proof, by a Lean-checked step, or against our own simulator; these checks ran on our own machines. Who we are · How the work is checked

Every result on this site links to the file it comes from. Acquisition, licensing and partnership enquiries go to one address, nick@chipletos.com, and a person reads it.

Write to us Read the results

Each number links to the file it comes from; every file is listed, with its checksum, on Published files.

When a number is left off

We leave a number off a page, or mark it, when

  • its file has not loaded yet
  • nobody has looked into it yet
  • a search for it found nothing
  • its file holds no value for it
  • its file is missing or altered
  • files disagree on what it describes
  • its sample is too small for the claim
  • two files give different values
  • its file cannot be published
  • it was measured over ninety days ago
  • the question does not apply here
  • the program behind it stopped with an error